Why adolescents and young adults are at the center of the HIV fight

 TURNING THE TIDE

By SHARON OTISO

 Young and at Risk: The Growing Concern of HIV Among Mombasa’s Youth

Why adolescents and young adults are at the center of the HIV fight

In Mombasa’s bustling streets and coastal neighborhoods, young people make up a vibrant and energetic part of the population. But beneath this promise lies a growing public health concern  HIV infections among adolescents and young adults. Health experts warn that this group is increasingly vulnerable, raising concerns about the future of the fight against HIV in the county.

Youths participating in World AIDS Day

According to the World Health Organization, young people remain among the most at-risk populations globally. In Mombasa, where youth aged 10 to 24 account for nearly a third of the population, the stakes are particularly high. While overall HIV infections have declined, new cases among young people continue to pose a challenge.

 Risk Factors Driving Infections

A combination of social, economic, and behavioral factors is fueling the vulnerability of young people in Mombasa. Unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and low rates of consistent HIV testing remain key drivers.

Drug and substance abuse, particularly in some coastal areas, has also been linked to increased HIV transmission. Experts note that injectable drug use, though often hidden, significantly raises the risk of infection when needles are shared.

Youth abusing substance.

Equally concerning is the lack of access to accurate sexual health information. Many young people grow up in environments where conversations about HIV and reproductive health are limited or stigmatized.

Young Women Bear the Greatest Burden

The burden of HIV is not evenly shared. Young women in Mombasa are disproportionately affected, reflecting broader national trends. Data shows that women have significantly higher HIV prevalence rates compared to men.

A woman hawking in Mombasa

“Females are disproportionately affected by HIV in Mombasa.”

Economic challenges often push some young women into transactional relationships, increasing their exposure to HIV. Gender inequality, power imbalances in relationships, and limited access to education further deepen the crisis.

Education and Outreach: Changing the Narrative

Efforts are underway to reverse the trend. Schools, community organizations, and health agencies are stepping up campaigns to educate young people about HIV prevention.

Programs promoting regular testing, safe sex practices, and life skills are gaining traction. Organizations like KELIN are advocating for youth-friendly health services and policies that make it easier for young people to seek help without fear or judgment.

Peer education where young people educate each other  has also proven effective in breaking barriers and encouraging open conversations.

 Breaking the Silence Around HIV

Despite progress, stigma remains one of the biggest obstacles. Fear of discrimination often prevents young people from getting tested or accessing treatment early.

 Young people participate in HIV awareness initiatives in Mombasa.

Health experts emphasize that normalizing conversations about HIV  at home, in schools, and in communities  is critical to reducing infections. Without addressing stigma, even the best medical interventions may fall short.

A Generation That Can Turn the Tide

There is hope. With the right combination of education, access to services, and community support, young people have the power to change the course of the epidemic.

Mombasa’s future in the fight against HIV will largely depend on how effectively it protects and empowers this generation.